Summary: Bacterial spores can preserve cellular dormancy for years, but still hold the remarkable ability to revive and recommence life.This cellular awakening begins with a rapid and irreversible event termed germination; however, the metabolic determinants required for its success have been hardly explored.Here, we show that at the onset of the p
Abstract Background Grades in college and university STEM courses are an important determinant of student persistence in STEM fields.Recent studies have used the grade offset/grade penalty method to explore why students have lower grades in STEM courses than their GPAs would predict.The results of these studies are in doubt; however, as they use GP
The main aim of this study was to determine the morphology, physical and chemical properties of permafrost-affected soils under different types of tundra in the central part of Spitsbergen.This is a preliminary part of detailed studies focused on the relationship between tundra vegetation and permafrost-affected soils in the Spitsbergen.The obtaine
This paper reports the sources of productivity growth of 23 Indonesian airports foryears 2006-2010. Using input slack-based productivity index (ISP), we Left Moving Arm disaggregatetotal factor productivity change into each input productivity change.Apron areaand terminal area are chosen as input variables while aircrafts’ movement is th
Though necessary to slow the spread of the novel Coronavirus (Covid-19), actions such as social-distancing, sheltering in-place, restricted travel, and closures of key community foundations are likely Pulley to dramatically increase the risk for family violence around the globe.In fact many countries are already indicating a dramatic increase in re